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考研英语二重点语法

句子构成

构成句子的成分共分为九种：主语，谓语，宾语，表语，定语，状语，补语，同位语和插入语。

一、主语：句子的核心主体，通常位于谓语动词之前，表明一个句子是谁或何种情况所发出执行或是承受的。常做主语的有名词、代词、主语从句、V-ing、To do五种。

二、谓语：描述或阐述主语的情况，由动词来充当，常位于主语之后。

1表状态用系动词：

Life is full of ups and downs.

Life is hope and hope is life.

2表动作用及物或不及物动词：

Many hands make light work.

I came I saw I conquered.

3表拥有：人或物时用：have has无生命的东西：there be

Every dog has its day.

In a full heart,there is room for everything.

4情态动词+动词原形：

A man may die,nations may fall,but an idea lives on.

三、宾语：及物动词或介词所指向的对象。常做宾语的有名词、宾语从句、复合结构、V-ing、To do五种。

1名词：

Reading enriches our mind.

Haste makes waste.

2宾语从句：

Goals determine what you are going to be.

Temptation discovers what we are.

3复合结构：

If you lack confidence you will find it hard to win.

4 V-ing:

You are never a loser until you quit trying.

Reading is like opening a window to the outside world.

5 To do:

Winners expect to win in advance.

One should learn to forgive.

四、表语：接在系动词后，补充说明主语的情况又称为主语补足语。常做表语的有名词、形容词、V-ing、To do、从句五种。

1名词：

Life is not a bed of roses.

Today is our only sure possession.

2形容词：

Time is fleeting and art is long.

Change is constant.

3 V-ing:

Courage is doing what others think you can’t do.

Life is painting a picture,not doing a sum.

4 To do:

To change attitude is to change life.

The proper function of man is to live,not to exist.

5从句：

The real measure of success is how happy we are.

Love is what links two souls.

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